Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to gradual loss of memory and other cognitive functions. It is currently the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Despite intensive research, the mechanisms leading to its development are not fully understood, and effective treatments remain limited. 

Xenon: a noble gas with therapeutic potential 

Xenon is a colorless, odorless noble gas that has been used in medicine for years as an anesthetic. Its ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and its neuroprotective properties make it the subject of research in the context of various neurological conditions. 

Researchers at Mass General Brigham and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis conducted studies on mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. Their findings, published in the journal Science Translational Medicine, indicate that xenon inhalation can reduce inflammation in the nervous system, limit brain atrophy and protect neurons from degeneration. Improvements in cognitive function were also observed in the rodents studied. 

The role of microglia in xenon’s mechanism of action 

Microglia are primary innate immune cells of the brain, playing a key role in protecting it. In the study, xenon was observed to affect microglia activity, modulating their responses and promoting repair processes in neural tissue. This suggests that xenon may support the brain’s natural defenses against neurodegeneration. 

Encouraged by the promising results of the animal studies, the researchers plan to initiate clinical trials with humans. The goal of these studies will be to evaluate the safety and efficacy of xenon therapy in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. If the results prove positive, xenon could become a new therapeutic option for patients suffering from the condition. 

Source: dzienniknaukowy.pl